With the publication of this first issue of 2025, the IBERC Journal reaffirms its commitment to the study and dissemination of knowledge on civil liability, offering in-depth analyses of fundamental and current topics through the texts published in this and other editions. Consolidating its purpose of being a reference in the legal field, the journal continues to stand out and grow as a space for academic reflection and debate that is technically sound, accessible, and free of charge.

The cover features one of the most well-known paintings by the expressionist, futurist, and cubist artist Franz Marc, titled Blue Horse I (1911). The horse, a symbol of strength, was one of the artist's favorite animals. For him, blue represented the masculine element. The painting is part of the collection of the Lenbachhaus Municipal Gallery in Munich.

This edition of the IBERC Journal reaffirms its role as a reference in the field of civil liability, bringing innovative research and rigorous analysis that enrich the study of the subject. The success of the publication depends on the active collaboration of readers, authors, and other editorial stakeholders, continually strengthening legal and academic debate. May this edition be another significant step toward building accessible, critical, and high-quality knowledge, which defines the essence of our work.